{"id":2173,"date":"2018-05-17T10:00:05","date_gmt":"2018-05-17T08:00:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.culture-relations.ch\/ctrl\/approche-bnb\/history-of-gnh\/"},"modified":"2025-05-25T17:25:57","modified_gmt":"2025-05-25T15:25:57","slug":"histoire-bnb","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/fr\/approche-bnb\/histoire-bnb\/","title":{"rendered":"L&#8217;histoire du BNB"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">BNB \u2013 Quand le bonheur devient une boussole nationale<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote has-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-98818db4b960f49a62a05c4065a9ad7d is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>\u201c <strong>Le bonheur national brut (BNB) est plus important que le produit int\u00e9rieur brut.<\/strong>\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<cite>&#8211; Jigme Singye Wangchuck, <strong>&#8220;K4&#8221;<\/strong>, 4<sup><sup>\u00e8me<\/sup><\/sup> souverain du Bhoutan (de 1972 \u00e0 2006)<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Peak-1-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5695\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Peak-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Peak-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Peak-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Peak-1.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><br>C\u2019est avec cette phrase prononc\u00e9e en 1972 que le jeune roi du Bhoutan, <strong>Jigme Singye Wangchuck<\/strong>, alors \u00e2g\u00e9 de 17 ans, a pos\u00e9 les fondations d\u2019une vision radicalement nouvelle du d\u00e9veloppement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Situ\u00e9 entre l\u2019Inde et la Chine, ce petit royaume himalayen \u2013 \u00e0 peine plus grand que la Suisse \u2013 n\u2019a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 colonis\u00e9 et reste profond\u00e9ment enracin\u00e9 dans la tradition bouddhiste. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le Bhoutan n\u2019est ni un paradis utopique, ni \u00e0 l\u2019abri des d\u00e9fis contemporains. Mais il a os\u00e9 poser une question fondamentale : <em><strong>et si la finalit\u00e9 du progr\u00e8s \u00e9tait le bonheur des citoyens ?<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Une philosophie en mouvement<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e8s <strong>1975<\/strong>, le <strong>BNB <\/strong>(<em><strong>Bonheur National Brut &#8211; <\/strong>GNH Gross National Happyness en anglais<\/em>) devient officiellement la <strong>philosophie de d\u00e9veloppement du Bhoutan<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce concept holistique vise \u00e0 \u00e9quilibrer croissance \u00e9conomique, bien-\u00eatre personnel, durabilit\u00e9 environnementale et coh\u00e9sion sociale. Ses racines remontent \u00e0 un texte fondateur de <strong>1629<\/strong>, qui d\u00e9clarait : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote has-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-56dd33679d42b55be3b971b95b8b3b07 is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>&#8221; <em>Si le gouvernement ne peut cr\u00e9er le bonheur de son peuple, il n\u2019a aucune raison d\u2019exister<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Des principes aux outils concrets<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ann\u00e9es 2000<\/strong> : face \u00e0 l\u2019attention internationale croissante, le Bhoutan d\u00e9veloppe des outils pour rendre le BNB <strong>mesurable et op\u00e9rationnel<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>En <strong>2008<\/strong>, il adopte un <strong>outil d\u2019\u00e9valuation BNB<\/strong> pour \u00e9valuer les politiques publiques, et un <strong>indice BNB<\/strong> pour mesurer r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement le bien-\u00eatre de la population.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La m\u00eame ann\u00e9e, le pays se dote d\u2019une <strong>constitution<\/strong> garantissant la p\u00e9rennit\u00e9 du BNB.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>Le BNB, une voix dans le monde<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sous le Premier ministre <strong>Jigme Yoser Thinley<\/strong> (2008 &#8211; 2013), le Bhoutan fait entendre sa voix :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>En <strong>2011<\/strong>, l\u2019ONU adopte une r\u00e9solution introduite par le Bhoutan appelant \u00e0 une <strong>approche holistique du d\u00e9veloppement<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>En <strong>2012<\/strong>, un sommet de haut niveau \u00e0 New York lance le d\u00e9bat mondial sur une <strong>nouvelle \u00e9conomie du bonheur<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/01-History-of-GNH-Flags-Praying-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2796\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/01-History-of-GNH-Flags-Praying-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/01-History-of-GNH-Flags-Praying-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/01-History-of-GNH-Flags-Praying-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/01-History-of-GNH-Flags-Praying.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>De l\u2019international de retour au local<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sous le mandat du PM <strong>Tshering Tobgay<\/strong> (2013 &#8211; 2018), le <strong>BNB <\/strong>revient au c\u0153ur des priorit\u00e9s nationales :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Le gouvernement met en place un <strong>outil d\u2019\u00e9valuation BNB pour les entreprises<\/strong>, alignant ainsi \u00e9conomie et valeurs soci\u00e9tales.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>En <strong>2018<\/strong>, un premier <strong>label BNB pour les entreprises<\/strong> voit le jour, promouvant une performance sociale responsable et durable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:26px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Une boussole pour l&#8217;avenir<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote has-blue-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8fabed1614ebf9dfb945270e98db05c7 is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>&#8220;Le BNB est une aspiration, un ensemble de principes directeurs gr\u00e2ce auxquels nous tra\u00e7ons notre chemin vers une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 durable et \u00e9quitable. C\u2019est notre \u00e9toile polaire.&#8221; <\/p>\n<cite>&#8211; Thakur Singh Powdyel, ancien ministre de l&#8217;\u00c9ducation du Bhoutan\u2019s <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Buddhism-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5717\" style=\"width:680px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Buddhism-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Buddhism-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Buddhism-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Buddhism.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1018\" src=\"https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Q-1024x1018.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8276\" style=\"width:150px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Q-1024x1018.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Q-350x348.png 350w, https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Q-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Q-768x763.png 768w, https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Q.png 1330w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p><strong><strong>Et si le bonheur collectif \u00e9tait un choix politique, pas une utopie ?<\/strong><\/strong><br><br><em><em>Quelle place donnerions-nous au bien-\u00eatre dans nos mod\u00e8les de soci\u00e9t\u00e9 si nous osions le mettre au centre ?<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>BNB \u2013 Quand le bonheur devient une boussole nationale \u201c Le bonheur national brut (BNB) est plus important que le produit int\u00e9rieur brut.\u201d C\u2019est avec cette phrase prononc\u00e9e en 1972 que le jeune roi du Bhoutan, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, alors \u00e2g\u00e9 de 17 ans, a pos\u00e9 les fondations d\u2019une vision radicalement nouvelle du d\u00e9veloppement. Situ\u00e9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1017,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"content-pages-GNH.php","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":{"0":"post-2173","1":"page","2":"type-page","3":"status-publish","5":"entry"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2173","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2173"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2173\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8281,"href":"https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2173\/revisions\/8281"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1017"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.culture-relations.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2173"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}